S 1 … take A by surprise
… take A by surprise
… The news took me by surprise.
… The storm took the town by surprise.
… take A by surprise
/ take A by surprise
… The news took me by surprise.
/ The news took me by surprise.
… The storm took the town by surprise.
/ The storm took the town by surprise.
S 2 … in a vacuum
… in a vacuum
… Ideas don’t develop in a vacuum.
… He made the decision in a vacuum.
… in a vacuum
/ in a vacuum
… Ideas don’t develop in a vacuum.
/ Ideas don’t develop in a vacuum.
… He made the decision in a vacuum.
/ He made the decision in a vacuum.
S 3 … audacity
… audacity
… He had the audacity to lie to the judge.
… I can’t believe her audacity.
… audacity
/ audacity
… He had the audacity to lie to the judge.
/ He had the audacity to lie to the judge.
… I can’t believe her audacity.
/ I can’t believe her audacity.
S 4 … embezzle
… embezzle
… He was caught embezzling company funds.
… She embezzled thousands of dollars.
… embezzle
/ embezzle
… He was caught embezzling company funds.
/ He was caught embezzling company funds.
… She embezzled thousands of dollars.
/ She embezzled thousands of dollars.
S 5 … ellipse
… ellipse
… The orbit of the Earth is an ellipse.
… Draw an ellipse using a compass.
… ellipse
/ ellipse
… The orbit of the Earth is an ellipse.
/ The orbit of the Earth is an ellipse.
… Draw an ellipse using a compass.
/ Draw an ellipse using a compass.
S 6 … rise and shine
… rise and shine
… Rise and shine! It’s time for school.
… He greeted us with a cheerful “rise and shine.”
… rise and shine
/ rise and shine
… Rise and shine! It’s time for school.
/ Rise and shine! It’s time for school.
… He greeted us with a cheerful “rise and shine.”
/ He greeted us with a cheerful “rise and shine.”
S 7 … critter
… critter
… We saw a small critter in the woods.
… The barn was full of critters.
… critter
/ critter
… We saw a small critter in the woods.
/ We saw a small critter in the woods.
… The barn was full of critters.
/ The barn was full of critters.
S 8 … blatantly
… blatantly
… He blatantly ignored the rules.
… That was a blatantly unfair decision.
… blatantly
/ blatantly
… He blatantly ignored the rules.
/ He blatantly ignored the rules.
… That was a blatantly unfair decision.
/ That was a blatantly unfair decision.
S 9 … glare at
… glare at
… She glared at him angrily.
… He glared at the noisy kids.
… glare at
/ glare at
… She glared at him angrily.
/ She glared at him angrily.
… He glared at the noisy kids.
/ He glared at the noisy kids.
S 10 … blanch
… blanch
… She blanched at the horror scene.
… Blanch the vegetables before cooking.
… blanch
/ blanch
… She blanched at the horror scene.
/ She blanched at the horror scene.
… Blanch the vegetables before cooking.
/ Blanch the vegetables before cooking.
S 11 … flip-flop
… flip-flop
… He flip-flopped on the issue.
… Her flip-flop confused the voters.
… flip-flop
/ flip-flop
… He flip-flopped on the issue.
/ He flip-flopped on the issue.
… Her flip-flop confused the voters.
/ Her flip-flop confused the voters.
S 12 … roundup
… roundup
… The police conducted a roundup of suspects.
… Here’s a roundup of today’s news.
… roundup
/ roundup
… The police conducted a roundup of suspects.
/ The police conducted a roundup of suspects.
… Here’s a roundup of today’s news.
/ Here’s a roundup of today’s news.
S 13 … nullify
… nullify
… The contract was nullified by the court.
… One error can nullify the entire process.
… nullify
/ nullify
… The contract was nullified by the court.
/ The contract was nullified by the court.
… One error can nullify the entire process.
/ One error can nullify the entire process.
S 14 … irk
… irk
… His attitude really irks me.
… It irked her that he was late again.
… irk
/ irk
… His attitude really irks me.
/ His attitude really irks me.
… It irked her that he was late again.
/ It irked her that he was late again.
S 15 … thrifty
… thrifty
… She’s very thrifty with money.
… Thrifty habits can lead to savings.
… thrifty
/ thrifty
… She’s very thrifty with money.
/ She’s very thrifty with money.
… Thrifty habits can lead to savings.
/ Thrifty habits can lead to savings.
S 16 … annotation
… annotation
… The textbook includes helpful annotations.
… She added an annotation to clarify the point.
… annotation
/ annotation
… The textbook includes helpful annotations.
/ The textbook includes helpful annotations.
… She added an annotation to clarify the point.
/ She added an annotation to clarify the point.
S 17 … beseech
… beseech
… I beseech you to reconsider.
… They beseeched the king for mercy.
… beseech
/ beseech
… I beseech you to reconsider.
/ I beseech you to reconsider.
… They beseeched the king for mercy.
/ They beseeched the king for mercy.
S 18 … halfway house
… halfway house
… He stayed at a halfway house after prison.
… The halfway house helped him adjust to society.
… halfway house
/ halfway house
… He stayed at a halfway house after prison.
/ He stayed at a halfway house after prison.
… The halfway house helped him adjust to society.
/ The halfway house helped him adjust to society.
S 19 … chronology
… chronology
… The book presents the chronology of events.
… Let’s check the chronology of the case.
… chronology
/ chronology
… The book presents the chronology of events.
/ The book presents the chronology of events.
… Let’s check the chronology of the case.
/ Let’s check the chronology of the case.
S 20 … hesitate to
… hesitate to
… Don’t hesitate to ask questions.
… She hesitated to speak in public.
… hesitate to
/ hesitate to
… Don’t hesitate to ask questions.
/ Don’t hesitate to ask questions.
… She hesitated to speak in public.
/ She hesitated to speak in public.
S 21 … usurp
… usurp
… He tried to usurp the throne.
… They usurped power through force.
… usurp
/ usurp
… He tried to usurp the throne.
/ He tried to usurp the throne.
… They usurped power through force.
/ They usurped power through force.
S 22 … agitate
… agitate
… The protesters agitated for change.
… He was visibly agitated by the news.
… agitate
/ agitate
… The protesters agitated for change.
/ The protesters agitated for change.
… He was visibly agitated by the news.
/ He was visibly agitated by the news.
S 23 … spring from
… spring from
… The idea sprang from a dream.
… His anger sprang from frustration.
… spring from
/ spring from
… The idea sprang from a dream.
/ The idea sprang from a dream.
… His anger sprang from frustration.
/ His anger sprang from frustration.
S 24 … commotion
… commotion
… There was a commotion in the hallway.
… The sudden commotion startled everyone.
… commotion
/ commotion
… There was a commotion in the hallway.
/ There was a commotion in the hallway.
… The sudden commotion startled everyone.
/ The sudden commotion startled everyone.
S 25 … on principle
… on principle
… I refuse on principle.
… He accepted the offer on principle.
… on principle
/ on principle
… I refuse on principle.
/ I refuse on principle.
… He accepted the offer on principle.
/ He accepted the offer on principle.
S 26 … emancipate
… emancipate
… The law emancipated the slaves.
… She was emancipated from her strict upbringing.
… emancipate
/ emancipate
… The law emancipated the slaves.
/ The law emancipated the slaves.
… She was emancipated from her strict upbringing.
/ She was emancipated from her strict upbringing.
S 27 … crank up
… crank up
… He cranked up the volume.
… Let’s crank up the energy for the final round.
… crank up
/ crank up
… He cranked up the volume.
/ He cranked up the volume.
… Let’s crank up the energy for the final round.
/ Let’s crank up the energy for the final round.
S 28 … rumble
… rumble
… Thunder rumbled in the distance.
… The truck rumbled down the road.
… rumble
/ rumble
… Thunder rumbled in the distance.
/ Thunder rumbled in the distance.
… The truck rumbled down the road.
/ The truck rumbled down the road.
S 29 … regurgitate
… regurgitate
… The baby regurgitated milk.
… Don’t just regurgitate facts—think critically.
… regurgitate
/ regurgitate
… The baby regurgitated milk.
/ The baby regurgitated milk.
… Don’t just regurgitate facts—think critically.
/ Don’t just regurgitate facts—think critically.
S 30 … visceral
… visceral
… She had a visceral reaction to the scene.
… His fear was visceral and overwhelming.
… visceral
/ visceral
… She had a visceral reaction to the scene.
/ She had a visceral reaction to the scene.
… His fear was visceral and overwhelming.
/ His fear was visceral and overwhelming.
S 31 … put emphasis on
… put emphasis on
… The teacher put emphasis on grammar.
… We should put emphasis on safety.
… put emphasis on
/ put emphasis on
… The teacher put emphasis on grammar.
/ The teacher put emphasis on grammar.
… We should put emphasis on safety.
/ We should put emphasis on safety.
S 32 … jingle
… jingle
… I heard the jingle of keys.
… The ad had a catchy jingle.
… jingle
/ jingle
… I heard the jingle of keys.
/ I heard the jingle of keys.
… The ad had a catchy jingle.
/ The ad had a catchy jingle.
S 33 … contention
… contention
… There was contention over the decision.
… Her main contention was about fairness.
… contention
/ contention
… There was contention over the decision.
/ There was contention over the decision.
… Her main contention was about fairness.
/ Her main contention was about fairness.
S 34 … gratuity
… gratuity
… He left a gratuity for the waiter.
… Gratuities are not required but appreciated.
… gratuity
/ gratuity
… He left a gratuity for the waiter.
/ He left a gratuity for the waiter.
… Gratuities are not required but appreciated.
/ Gratuities are not required but appreciated.
S 35 … sneak up on
… sneak up on
… The cat sneaked up on the bird.
… Don’t let deadlines sneak up on you.
… sneak up on
/ sneak up on
… The cat sneaked up on the bird.
/ The cat sneaked up on the bird.
… Don’t let deadlines sneak up on you.
/ Don’t let deadlines sneak up on you.
S 36 … creak
… creak
… The door creaked open.
… I heard the floor creak under my feet.
… creak
/ creak
… The door creaked open.
/ The door creaked open.
… I heard the floor creak under my feet.
/ I heard the floor creak under my feet.
S 37 … quench
… quench
… Water quenched his thirst.
… Nothing could quench her curiosity.
… quench
/ quench
… Water quenched his thirst.
/ Water quenched his thirst.
… Nothing could quench her curiosity.
/ Nothing could quench her curiosity.
S 38 … fling
… fling
… He flung the ball across the yard.
… She flung her arms around him.
… fling
/ fling
… He flung the ball across the yard.
/ He flung the ball across the yard.
… She flung her arms around him.
/ She flung her arms around him.
S 39 … be suitable for
… be suitable for
… This book is suitable for children.
… Is this dress suitable for the occasion?
… be suitable for
/ be suitable for
… This book is suitable for children.
/ This book is suitable for children.
… Is this dress suitable for the occasion?
/ Is this dress suitable for the occasion?
S 40 … teeter
… teeter
… The vase teetered on the edge.
… He teetered between hope and fear.
… teeter
/ teeter
… The vase teetered on the edge.
/ The vase teetered on the edge.
… He teetered between hope and fear.
/ He teetered between hope and fear.
S 41 … finery
… finery
… She dressed in her finest finery.
… The guests arrived in colorful finery.
… finery
/ finery
… She dressed in her finest finery.
/ She dressed in her finest finery.
… The guests arrived in colorful finery.
/ The guests arrived in colorful finery.
S 42 … admire A for B
… admire A for B
… I admire her for her courage.
… They admired him for his honesty.
… admire A for B
/ admire A for B
… I admire her for her courage.
/ I admire her for her courage.
… They admired him for his honesty.
/ They admired him for his honesty.
S 43 … cleave
… cleave
… He cleaved the log with an axe.
… She cleaved to her beliefs.
… cleave
/ cleave
… He cleaved the log with an axe.
/ He cleaved the log with an axe.
… She cleaved to her beliefs.
/ She cleaved to her beliefs.
S 44 … in all probability
… in all probability
… In all probability, he’ll be late.
… In all probability, it will rain tomorrow.
… in all probability
/ in all probability
… In all probability, he’ll be late.
/ In all probability, he’ll be late.
… In all probability, it will rain tomorrow.
/ In all probability, it will rain tomorrow.
S 45 … fabrication
… fabrication
… The story was a complete fabrication.
… He was accused of document fabrication.
… fabrication
/ fabrication
… The story was a complete fabrication.
/ The story was a complete fabrication.
… He was accused of document fabrication.
/ He was accused of document fabrication.
S 46 … be indebted to
… be indebted to
… I’m deeply indebted to my parents.
… We are indebted to those who helped us.
… be indebted to
/ be indebted to
… I’m deeply indebted to my parents.
/ I’m deeply indebted to my parents.
… We are indebted to those who helped us.
/ We are indebted to those who helped us.
S 47 … drool
… drool
… The baby drooled on his bib.
… He drooled over the new car.
… drool
/ drool
… The baby drooled on his bib.
/ The baby drooled on his bib.
… He drooled over the new car.
/ He drooled over the new car.
S 48 … amputation
… amputation
… He underwent leg amputation after the accident.
… Amputation may be necessary to save the patient.
… amputation
/ amputation
… He underwent leg amputation after the accident.
/ He underwent leg amputation after the accident.
… Amputation may be necessary to save the patient.
/ Amputation may be necessary to save the patient.
S 49 … not necessarily
… not necessarily
… Expensive doesn’t necessarily mean better.
… Not necessarily everyone agrees with that idea.
… not necessarily
/ not necessarily
… Expensive doesn’t necessarily mean better.
/ Expensive doesn’t necessarily mean better.
… Not necessarily everyone agrees with that idea.
/ Not necessarily everyone agrees with that idea.
S 50 … vascular
… vascular
… He studies vascular diseases.
… Vascular health is vital for longevity.
… vascular
/ vascular
… He studies vascular diseases.
/ He studies vascular diseases.
… Vascular health is vital for longevity.
/ Vascular health is vital for longevity.
