Level 10 – Step 04 : Complex Conjunctions though / although / whereas (Although it rained, we played. He likes math, whereas she prefers art.)
/Level 10 – Step 04 : Complex Conjunctions though / although / whereas (Although it rained, we played. He likes math, whereas she prefers art.)
🚪 Let’s Begin
/🚪 Let’s Begin
🦉Professor Owl: Today we will learn three words that connect two contrasting ideas: though, although, and whereas.
/🦉Professor Owl: Today we will learn three words that connect two contrasting ideas: though, although, and whereas.
🐧Igupen: Do they all mean the same thing?
/🐧Igupen: Do they all mean the same thing?
🦉Professor Owl: They all show contrast, but we use them in slightly different places and styles.
/🦉Professor Owl: They all show contrast, but we use them in slightly different places and styles.
Listen and try the examples.
/Listen and try the examples.
📚 Lesson
/📚 Lesson
What do though, although, and whereas do?
/What do though, although, and whereas do?
These words show contrast.
/These words show contrast.
They link two ideas that are different or opposite.
/They link two ideas that are different or opposite.
Although is a formal subordinating conjunction used at the start or middle of a sentence.
/Although is a formal subordinating conjunction used at the start or middle of a sentence.
Example: Although it rained, we played.
/Example: Although it rained, we played.
Though can be used like although, and also at the end of a sentence for a casual tone.
/Though can be used like although, and also at the end of a sentence for a casual tone.
Example: It rained; we played, though.
/Example: It rained; we played, though.
Whereas connects two main clauses and highlights a clear contrast between them.
/Whereas connects two main clauses and highlights a clear contrast between them.
Example: He likes math, whereas she prefers art.
/Example: He likes math, whereas she prefers art.
Simple rules (easy version)
/Simple rules (easy version)
1. Use although or though before a clause to say “even though” something is true.
/1. Use although or though before a clause to say “even though” something is true.
2. Put whereas between two main clauses to compare or show opposite facts.
/2. Put whereas between two main clauses to compare or show opposite facts.
3. Don’t repeat contrast words in the same short sentence (avoid Although … but …).
/3. Don’t repeat contrast words in the same short sentence (avoid Although … but …).
Word order notes
/Word order notes
Although/though + clause, + main clause.
/Although/though + clause, + main clause.
Main clause + , + whereas + main clause.
/Main clause + , + whereas + main clause.
Though can appear at the end for a short casual contrast.
/Though can appear at the end for a short casual contrast.
🦉Professor Owl’s one-point tip
/🦉Professor Owl’s one-point tip
If you want a short, casual contrast, use though at the end.
/If you want a short, casual contrast, use though at the end.
If you need a clear formal contrast, use although at the start.
/If you need a clear formal contrast, use although at the start.
Use whereas when you compare two different facts or people.
/Use whereas when you compare two different facts or people.
Quick checks inside the lesson
/Quick checks inside the lesson
Although it rained, we played.
/Although it rained, we played.
Rain didn’t stop the game.
/Rain didn’t stop the game.
It rained; we played, though.
/It rained; we played, though.
Casual contrast at the end.
/Casual contrast at the end.
He likes math, whereas she prefers art.
/He likes math, whereas she prefers art.
Direct contrast between two people’s likes.
/Direct contrast between two people’s likes.
🌼 Sample Sentences
/🌼 Sample Sentences
No.01 Although it rained, we played.
/No.01 Although it rained, we played.
No.02 It rained; we played, though.
/No.02 It rained; we played, though.
No.03 She passed the test although she was tired.
/No.03 She passed the test although she was tired.
No.04 He is outgoing, whereas his brother is quiet.
/No.04 He is outgoing, whereas his brother is quiet.
No.05 I enjoyed the movie, though it was long.
/No.05 I enjoyed the movie, though it was long.
No.06 Although the road was closed, we found another way.
/No.06 Although the road was closed, we found another way.
No.07 The shop sells books, whereas the library lends them.
/No.07 The shop sells books, whereas the library lends them.
No.08 He eats meat, though he likes vegetables more.
/No.08 He eats meat, though he likes vegetables more.
No.09 Although the cake looked perfect, it tasted too sweet.
/No.09 Although the cake looked perfect, it tasted too sweet.
No.10 Whereas most students study in the morning, Tom studies at night.
/No.10 Whereas most students study in the morning, Tom studies at night.
🎓 Practice exercises
/🎓 Practice exercises
Note: Think first, then check the answers.
/Note: Think first, then check the answers.
Q1: Choose the best word: ___ it was cold, we walked to the park. (although / whereas / though)
/Q1: Choose the best word: ___ it was cold, we walked to the park. (although / whereas / though)
Q2: Choose the best word: She loves science, ___ her sister prefers history. (although / whereas / though)
/Q2: Choose the best word: She loves science, ___ her sister prefers history. (although / whereas / though)
Q3: Fill in the blank with though or although: The dog barked, ___ it was friendly.
/Q3: Fill in the blank with though or although: The dog barked, ___ it was friendly.
Q4: True or False: Put whereas at the beginning of a sentence to show contrast between two clauses.
/Q4: True or False: Put whereas at the beginning of a sentence to show contrast between two clauses.
Q5: Rewrite simply using though at the end: Although the music was loud, I could study.
/Q5: Rewrite simply using though at the end: Although the music was loud, I could study.
Q6: Choose the best word: He finished early, ___ he started late. (although / whereas / though)
/Q6: Choose the best word: He finished early, ___ he started late. (although / whereas / though)
Q7: Fill in the blank: I like summer, ___ I enjoy winter too. (use though at the end)
/Q7: Fill in the blank: I like summer, ___ I enjoy winter too. (use though at the end)
Q8: Choose the correct sentence: A) She stayed home whereas it snowed. B) She stayed home although it snowed.
/Q8: Choose the correct sentence: A) She stayed home whereas it snowed. B) She stayed home although it snowed.
Q9: Fill in the blank: The twins are different, ___ one is tall and the other is short. (use whereas)
/Q9: Fill in the blank: The twins are different, ___ one is tall and the other is short. (use whereas)
Q10: Correct the sentence if needed: Although he is rich, whereas he is not happy.
/Q10: Correct the sentence if needed: Although he is rich, whereas he is not happy.
◆ Answers
/◆ Answers
A1: although → Although it was cold, we walked to the park.
/A1: although → Although it was cold, we walked to the park.
A2: whereas → She loves science, whereas her sister prefers history.
/A2: whereas → She loves science, whereas her sister prefers history.
A3: though → The dog barked, though it was friendly.
/A3: though → The dog barked, though it was friendly.
A4: False → Whereas usually goes between two main clauses, not at the start.
/A4: False → Whereas usually goes between two main clauses, not at the start.
A5: I could study, though.
/A5: I could study, though.
A6: though → He finished early, though he started late.
/A6: though → He finished early, though he started late.
A7: I like summer; I enjoy winter too, though.
/A7: I like summer; I enjoy winter too, though.
A8: B is correct → She stayed home although it snowed.
/A8: B is correct → She stayed home although it snowed.
A9: whereas → The twins are different, whereas one is tall and the other is short.
/A9: whereas → The twins are different, whereas one is tall and the other is short.
A10: Correction: Remove one contrast word → Either: Although he is rich, he is not happy.
/A10: Correction: Remove one contrast word → Either: Although he is rich, he is not happy.
Or: He is rich, whereas he is not happy.
/Or: He is rich, whereas he is not happy.
(First is best: Although he is rich, he is not happy.)
/(First is best: Although he is rich, he is not happy.)
🦉 Closing
/🦉 Closing
🦉Professor Owl: Great work.
/🦉Professor Owl: Great work.
Remember that although and though are similar, though is more casual and can come at the end; whereas is for clear comparisons between facts.
/Remember that although and though are similar, though is more casual and can come at the end; whereas is for clear comparisons between facts.
🐧Igupen: I’ll try using though at the end for short contrasts and whereas when I compare two people or things.
/🐧Igupen: I’ll try using though at the end for short contrasts and whereas when I compare two people or things.
🦉Professor Owl: Excellent.
/🦉Professor Owl: Excellent.
Write five sentences: two with although at the start, two using though (one at the end), and one using whereas.
/Write five sentences: two with although at the start, two using though (one at the end), and one using whereas.
Keep practicing and contrast will feel natural.
/Keep practicing and contrast will feel natural.
