Idioms Lev06-E

Idioms Lev 06 (600 advanced)
Name
Idioms Lev06-E

E1 . draw back .
・ draw back .
・ She drew back instinctively when confronted with the unsettling revelation.
・ He drew back from the proposal after recognizing its far‑reaching consequences.
・ draw back is to retreat or withdraw.
draw back

/ draw back

・ She drew back instinctively when confronted with the unsettling revelation.

/ She drew back instinctively when confronted with the unsettling revelation.

・ She drew back instinctively when confronted with the unsettling revelation.
・ He drew back from the proposal after recognizing its far‑reaching consequences.

/ He drew back from the proposal after recognizing its far‑reaching consequences.

・ He drew back from the proposal after recognizing its far‑reaching consequences.

E2 . draw on .
・ draw on .
・ The project draws on decades of accumulated expertise.
・ She drew on her extensive experience to navigate the complex negotiations.
・ draw on is to use resources, knowledge, or experience.
draw on

/ draw on

・ The project draws on decades of accumulated expertise.

/ The project draws on decades of accumulated expertise.

・ The project draws on decades of accumulated expertise.
・ She drew on her extensive experience to navigate the complex negotiations.

/ She drew on her extensive experience to navigate the complex negotiations.

・ She drew on her extensive experience to navigate the complex negotiations.

E3 . drop by .
・ drop by .
・ She dropped by the institute to deliver the confidential documents.
・ He dropped by unexpectedly with an intriguing proposition.
・ drop by is to visit briefly.
drop by

/ drop by

・ She dropped by the institute to deliver the confidential documents.

/ She dropped by the institute to deliver the confidential documents.

・ She dropped by the institute to deliver the confidential documents.
・ He dropped by unexpectedly with an intriguing proposition.

/ He dropped by unexpectedly with an intriguing proposition.

・ He dropped by unexpectedly with an intriguing proposition.

E4 . drop out .
・ drop out .
・ He dropped out of the program due to overwhelming personal obligations.
・ Several participants dropped out before the rigorous final phase.
・ drop out is to leave school or an activity before finishing.
drop out

/ drop out

・ He dropped out of the program due to overwhelming personal obligations.

/ He dropped out of the program due to overwhelming personal obligations.

・ He dropped out of the program due to overwhelming personal obligations.
・ Several participants dropped out before the rigorous final phase.

/ Several participants dropped out before the rigorous final phase.

・ Several participants dropped out before the rigorous final phase.

E5 . dwell on .
・ dwell on .
・ She tended to dwell on minor setbacks, which hindered her overall progress.
・ The report dwells on several contentious aspects of the policy.
・ dwell on is to think or talk too much about something.
dwell on

/ dwell on

・ She tended to dwell on minor setbacks, which hindered her overall progress.

/ She tended to dwell on minor setbacks, which hindered her overall progress.

・ She tended to dwell on minor setbacks, which hindered her overall progress.
・ The report dwells on several contentious aspects of the policy.

/ The report dwells on several contentious aspects of the policy.

・ The report dwells on several contentious aspects of the policy.

E6 . ease off .
・ ease off .
・ The pressure eased off after the committee reached a provisional agreement.
・ The storm finally eased off, allowing safe travel.
・ ease off is to become less intense.
ease off

/ ease off

・ The pressure eased off after the committee reached a provisional agreement.

/ The pressure eased off after the committee reached a provisional agreement.

・ The pressure eased off after the committee reached a provisional agreement.
・ The storm finally eased off, allowing safe travel.

/ The storm finally eased off, allowing safe travel.

・ The storm finally eased off, allowing safe travel.

E7 . eat away at .
・ eat away at .
・ The uncertainty ate away at her confidence over time.
・ Financial worries ate away at the community’s sense of stability.
・ eat away at is to gradually damage or erode emotionally or physically.
eat away at

/ eat away at

・ The uncertainty ate away at her confidence over time.

/ The uncertainty ate away at her confidence over time.

・ The uncertainty ate away at her confidence over time.
・ Financial worries ate away at the community’s sense of stability.

/ Financial worries ate away at the community’s sense of stability.

・ Financial worries ate away at the community’s sense of stability.

E8 . edge out .
・ edge out .
・ The startup edged out its competitors with a remarkably innovative design.
・ She edged out several candidates to secure the prestigious fellowship.
・ edge out is to defeat narrowly or surpass.
edge out

/ edge out

・ The startup edged out its competitors with a remarkably innovative design.

/ The startup edged out its competitors with a remarkably innovative design.

・ The startup edged out its competitors with a remarkably innovative design.
・ She edged out several candidates to secure the prestigious fellowship.

/ She edged out several candidates to secure the prestigious fellowship.

・ She edged out several candidates to secure the prestigious fellowship.

E9 . eke out .
・ eke out .
・ They eked out a modest living through resourceful strategies.
・ She managed to eke out a few extra minutes to finalize the report.
・ eke out is to make something last or manage with difficulty.
eke out

/ eke out

・ They eked out a modest living through resourceful strategies.

/ They eked out a modest living through resourceful strategies.

・ They eked out a modest living through resourceful strategies.
・ She managed to eke out a few extra minutes to finalize the report.

/ She managed to eke out a few extra minutes to finalize the report.

・ She managed to eke out a few extra minutes to finalize the report.

E10 . embark on .
・ embark on .
・ The team embarked on an ambitious interdisciplinary project.
・ She embarked on a journey that transformed her professional trajectory.
・ embark on is to begin something significant.
embark on

/ embark on

・ The team embarked on an ambitious interdisciplinary project.

/ The team embarked on an ambitious interdisciplinary project.

・ The team embarked on an ambitious interdisciplinary project.
・ She embarked on a journey that transformed her professional trajectory.

/ She embarked on a journey that transformed her professional trajectory.

・ She embarked on a journey that transformed her professional trajectory.

E11 . empty out .
・ empty out .
・ They emptied out the storage room to prepare for renovation.
・ She emptied out her bag to locate the missing document.
・ empty out is to remove all contents.
empty out

/ empty out

・ They emptied out the storage room to prepare for renovation.

/ They emptied out the storage room to prepare for renovation.

・ They emptied out the storage room to prepare for renovation.
・ She emptied out her bag to locate the missing document.

/ She emptied out her bag to locate the missing document.

・ She emptied out her bag to locate the missing document.

E12 . end up .
・ end up .
・ He ended up leading the initiative after demonstrating exceptional insight.
・ They ended up revising the entire plan due to unforeseen complications.
・ end up is to finally reach a result or situation.
end up

/ end up

・ He ended up leading the initiative after demonstrating exceptional insight.

/ He ended up leading the initiative after demonstrating exceptional insight.

・ He ended up leading the initiative after demonstrating exceptional insight.
・ They ended up revising the entire plan due to unforeseen complications.

/ They ended up revising the entire plan due to unforeseen complications.

・ They ended up revising the entire plan due to unforeseen complications.

E13 . engage in .
・ engage in .
・ The researchers engaged in a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon.
・ She engaged in several collaborative ventures across disciplines.
・ engage in is to participate in an activity.
engage in

/ engage in

・ The researchers engaged in a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon.

/ The researchers engaged in a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon.

・ The researchers engaged in a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon.
・ She engaged in several collaborative ventures across disciplines.

/ She engaged in several collaborative ventures across disciplines.

・ She engaged in several collaborative ventures across disciplines.

E14 . enter into .
・ enter into .
・ The organizations entered into a long‑term strategic partnership.
・ They entered into negotiations to resolve the escalating conflict.
・ enter into is to begin a formal agreement or discussion.
enter into

/ enter into

・ The organizations entered into a long‑term strategic partnership.

/ The organizations entered into a long‑term strategic partnership.

・ The organizations entered into a long‑term strategic partnership.
・ They entered into negotiations to resolve the escalating conflict.

/ They entered into negotiations to resolve the escalating conflict.

・ They entered into negotiations to resolve the escalating conflict.

E15 . enter on .
・ enter on .
・ She entered on her new responsibilities with admirable enthusiasm.
・ He entered on the role after an extensive orientation process.
・ enter on is to begin performing duties.
enter on

/ enter on

・ She entered on her new responsibilities with admirable enthusiasm.

/ She entered on her new responsibilities with admirable enthusiasm.

・ She entered on her new responsibilities with admirable enthusiasm.
・ He entered on the role after an extensive orientation process.

/ He entered on the role after an extensive orientation process.

・ He entered on the role after an extensive orientation process.

E16 . enter upon .
・ enter upon .
・ The committee entered upon a detailed examination of the proposal.
・ He entered upon his new position with a clear vision for reform.
・ enter upon is to start something formally.
enter upon

/ enter upon

・ The committee entered upon a detailed examination of the proposal.

/ The committee entered upon a detailed examination of the proposal.

・ The committee entered upon a detailed examination of the proposal.
・ He entered upon his new position with a clear vision for reform.

/ He entered upon his new position with a clear vision for reform.

・ He entered upon his new position with a clear vision for reform.

E17 . even out .
・ even out .
・ The differences eventually evened out after several adjustments.
・ The workload evened out once the new system was implemented.
・ even out is to make things equal or balanced.
even out

/ even out

・ The differences eventually evened out after several adjustments.

/ The differences eventually evened out after several adjustments.

・ The differences eventually evened out after several adjustments.
・ The workload evened out once the new system was implemented.

/ The workload evened out once the new system was implemented.

・ The workload evened out once the new system was implemented.

E18 . expand on .
・ expand on .
・ She expanded on her hypothesis with compelling empirical evidence.
・ The report expands on several previously unexplored dimensions.
・ expand on is to give more details or elaborate.
expand on

/ expand on

・ She expanded on her hypothesis with compelling empirical evidence.

/ She expanded on her hypothesis with compelling empirical evidence.

・ She expanded on her hypothesis with compelling empirical evidence.
・ The report expands on several previously unexplored dimensions.

/ The report expands on several previously unexplored dimensions.

・ The report expands on several previously unexplored dimensions.

E19 . face up to .
・ face up to .
・ He finally faced up to the consequences of his earlier decisions.
・ The community faced up to the magnitude of the crisis.
・ face up to is to confront something difficult.
face up to

/ face up to

・ He finally faced up to the consequences of his earlier decisions.

/ He finally faced up to the consequences of his earlier decisions.

・ He finally faced up to the consequences of his earlier decisions.
・ The community faced up to the magnitude of the crisis.

/ The community faced up to the magnitude of the crisis.

・ The community faced up to the magnitude of the crisis.

E20 . fall apart .
・ fall apart .
・ The fragile structure fell apart under excessive strain.
・ Their plan fell apart due to multiple unforeseen complications.
・ fall apart is to break into pieces; or fail completely.
fall apart

/ fall apart

・ The fragile structure fell apart under excessive strain.

/ The fragile structure fell apart under excessive strain.

・ The fragile structure fell apart under excessive strain.
・ Their plan fell apart due to multiple unforeseen complications.

/ Their plan fell apart due to multiple unforeseen complications.

・ Their plan fell apart due to multiple unforeseen complications.

E21 . fall away .
・ fall away .
・ Support for the proposal gradually fell away after the controversial revelation.
・ Attendance fell away as the program lost its initial momentum.
・ fall away is to decrease or diminish gradually.
fall away

/ fall away

・ Support for the proposal gradually fell away after the controversial revelation.

/ Support for the proposal gradually fell away after the controversial revelation.

・ Support for the proposal gradually fell away after the controversial revelation.
・ Attendance fell away as the program lost its initial momentum.

/ Attendance fell away as the program lost its initial momentum.

・ Attendance fell away as the program lost its initial momentum.

E22 . fall back on .
・ fall back on .
・ When resources ran low, they fell back on their emergency reserves.
・ She fell back on her extensive training during the crisis.
・ fall back on is to rely on something when other options fail.
fall back on

/ fall back on

・ When resources ran low, they fell back on their emergency reserves.

/ When resources ran low, they fell back on their emergency reserves.

・ When resources ran low, they fell back on their emergency reserves.
・ She fell back on her extensive training during the crisis.

/ She fell back on her extensive training during the crisis.

・ She fell back on her extensive training during the crisis.

E23 . fall behind .
・ fall behind .
・ Several students fell behind due to the exceptionally demanding curriculum.
・ The project fell behind schedule after multiple unforeseen delays.
・ fall behind is to fail to keep up.
fall behind

/ fall behind

・ Several students fell behind due to the exceptionally demanding curriculum.

/ Several students fell behind due to the exceptionally demanding curriculum.

・ Several students fell behind due to the exceptionally demanding curriculum.
・ The project fell behind schedule after multiple unforeseen delays.

/ The project fell behind schedule after multiple unforeseen delays.

・ The project fell behind schedule after multiple unforeseen delays.

E24 . fall for .
・ fall for .
・ He fell for the misleading narrative despite several warnings.
・ She fell for his remarkably persuasive argument.
・ fall for is to be deceived; or to develop romantic feelings.
fall for

/ fall for

・ He fell for the misleading narrative despite several warnings.

/ He fell for the misleading narrative despite several warnings.

・ He fell for the misleading narrative despite several warnings.
・ She fell for his remarkably persuasive argument.

/ She fell for his remarkably persuasive argument.

・ She fell for his remarkably persuasive argument.

E25 . fall out with .
・ fall out with .
・ He fell out with his colleague after a deeply contentious dispute.
・ They fell out with the committee over procedural inconsistencies.
・ fall out with is to quarrel and stop being friendly.
fall out with

/ fall out with

・ He fell out with his colleague after a deeply contentious dispute.

/ He fell out with his colleague after a deeply contentious dispute.

・ He fell out with his colleague after a deeply contentious dispute.
・ They fell out with the committee over procedural inconsistencies.

/ They fell out with the committee over procedural inconsistencies.

・ They fell out with the committee over procedural inconsistencies.

E26 . fall prey to .
・ fall prey to .
・ Many consumers fell prey to the fraudulent scheme.
・ She fell prey to anxiety during the high‑pressure evaluation.
・ fall prey to is to be harmed or deceived by something.
fall prey to

/ fall prey to

・ Many consumers fell prey to the fraudulent scheme.

/ Many consumers fell prey to the fraudulent scheme.

・ Many consumers fell prey to the fraudulent scheme.
・ She fell prey to anxiety during the high‑pressure evaluation.

/ She fell prey to anxiety during the high‑pressure evaluation.

・ She fell prey to anxiety during the high‑pressure evaluation.

E27 . fall short of .
・ fall short of .
・ The results fell short of the committee’s rigorous expectations.
・ Their efforts fell short of achieving substantial reform.
・ fall short of is to fail to reach a target or standard.
fall short of

/ fall short of

・ The results fell short of the committee’s rigorous expectations.

/ The results fell short of the committee’s rigorous expectations.

・ The results fell short of the committee’s rigorous expectations.
・ Their efforts fell short of achieving substantial reform.

/ Their efforts fell short of achieving substantial reform.

・ Their efforts fell short of achieving substantial reform.

E28 . fall under .
・ fall under .
・ The issue falls under the jurisdiction of the regulatory board.
・ This category falls under advanced linguistic analysis.
・ fall under is to be classified within a group or authority.
fall under

/ fall under

・ The issue falls under the jurisdiction of the regulatory board.

/ The issue falls under the jurisdiction of the regulatory board.

・ The issue falls under the jurisdiction of the regulatory board.
・ This category falls under advanced linguistic analysis.

/ This category falls under advanced linguistic analysis.

・ This category falls under advanced linguistic analysis.

E29 . feed off .
・ feed off .
・ The rumor fed off widespread uncertainty within the community.
・ The ecosystem feeds off a delicate balance of interdependent species.
・ feed off is to gain strength or benefit from something.
feed off

/ feed off

・ The rumor fed off widespread uncertainty within the community.

/ The rumor fed off widespread uncertainty within the community.

・ The rumor fed off widespread uncertainty within the community.
・ The ecosystem feeds off a delicate balance of interdependent species.

/ The ecosystem feeds off a delicate balance of interdependent species.

・ The ecosystem feeds off a delicate balance of interdependent species.

E30 . feed on .
・ feed on .
・ The species feeds on nutrient‑rich vegetation.
・ Some movements feed on public frustration to gain momentum.
・ feed on is to eat; or to exploit.
feed on

/ feed on

・ The species feeds on nutrient‑rich vegetation.

/ The species feeds on nutrient‑rich vegetation.

・ The species feeds on nutrient‑rich vegetation.
・ Some movements feed on public frustration to gain momentum.

/ Some movements feed on public frustration to gain momentum.

・ Some movements feed on public frustration to gain momentum.

E31 . fend for oneself .
・ fend for oneself .
・ After graduation, she had to fend for herself in a highly competitive environment.
・ The abandoned animals learned to fend for themselves.
・ fend for oneself is to take care of oneself without help.
fend for oneself

/ fend for oneself

・ After graduation, she had to fend for herself in a highly competitive environment.

/ After graduation, she had to fend for herself in a highly competitive environment.

・ After graduation, she had to fend for herself in a highly competitive environment.
・ The abandoned animals learned to fend for themselves.

/ The abandoned animals learned to fend for themselves.

・ The abandoned animals learned to fend for themselves.

E32 . fend off .
・ fend off .
・ They managed to fend off several aggressive competitors.
・ She fended off criticism with remarkably articulate responses.
・ fend off is to defend against something.
fend off

/ fend off

・ They managed to fend off several aggressive competitors.

/ They managed to fend off several aggressive competitors.

・ They managed to fend off several aggressive competitors.
・ She fended off criticism with remarkably articulate responses.

/ She fended off criticism with remarkably articulate responses.

・ She fended off criticism with remarkably articulate responses.

E33 . ferret out .
・ ferret out .
・ Investigators ferreted out crucial evidence during the inquiry.
・ She ferreted out inconsistencies hidden within the extensive dataset.
・ ferret out is to discover something through careful search.
ferret out

/ ferret out

・ Investigators ferreted out crucial evidence during the inquiry.

/ Investigators ferreted out crucial evidence during the inquiry.

・ Investigators ferreted out crucial evidence during the inquiry.
・ She ferreted out inconsistencies hidden within the extensive dataset.

/ She ferreted out inconsistencies hidden within the extensive dataset.

・ She ferreted out inconsistencies hidden within the extensive dataset.

E34 . fight back .
・ fight back .
・ The community fought back against the unjust policy.
・ He fought back with a compelling counterargument.
・ fight back is to resist or defend oneself.
fight back

/ fight back

・ The community fought back against the unjust policy.

/ The community fought back against the unjust policy.

・ The community fought back against the unjust policy.
・ He fought back with a compelling counterargument.

/ He fought back with a compelling counterargument.

・ He fought back with a compelling counterargument.

E35 . fight off .
・ fight off .
・ She fought off the infection thanks to timely treatment.
・ They fought off attempts to undermine the initiative.
・ fight off is to repel or resist something.
fight off

/ fight off

・ She fought off the infection thanks to timely treatment.

/ She fought off the infection thanks to timely treatment.

・ She fought off the infection thanks to timely treatment.
・ They fought off attempts to undermine the initiative.

/ They fought off attempts to undermine the initiative.

・ They fought off attempts to undermine the initiative.

E36 . fight tooth and nail .
・ fight tooth and nail .
・ The team fought tooth and nail to secure the prestigious grant.
・ She fought tooth and nail against the proposed restrictions.
・ fight tooth and nail is to fight fiercely and with determination.
fight tooth and nail

/ fight tooth and nail

・ The team fought tooth and nail to secure the prestigious grant.

/ The team fought tooth and nail to secure the prestigious grant.

・ The team fought tooth and nail to secure the prestigious grant.
・ She fought tooth and nail against the proposed restrictions.

/ She fought tooth and nail against the proposed restrictions.

・ She fought tooth and nail against the proposed restrictions.

E37 . figure out .
・ figure out .
・ She finally figured out the underlying mechanism behind the anomaly.
・ He figured out a remarkably efficient solution to the logistical problem.
・ figure out is to understand or solve something.
figure out

/ figure out

・ She finally figured out the underlying mechanism behind the anomaly.

/ She finally figured out the underlying mechanism behind the anomaly.

・ She finally figured out the underlying mechanism behind the anomaly.
・ He figured out a remarkably efficient solution to the logistical problem.

/ He figured out a remarkably efficient solution to the logistical problem.

・ He figured out a remarkably efficient solution to the logistical problem.

E38 . fill in .
・ fill in .
・ She filled in the missing details to complete the comprehensive report.
・ He filled in for a colleague during the high‑stakes presentation.
・ fill in is to complete; or to substitute.
fill in

/ fill in

・ She filled in the missing details to complete the comprehensive report.

/ She filled in the missing details to complete the comprehensive report.

・ She filled in the missing details to complete the comprehensive report.
・ He filled in for a colleague during the high‑stakes presentation.

/ He filled in for a colleague during the high‑stakes presentation.

・ He filled in for a colleague during the high‑stakes presentation.

E39 . fill out .
・ fill out .
・ She filled out the intricate application with meticulous accuracy.
・ He filled out several forms required for the advanced certification.
・ fill out is to complete a form.
fill out

/ fill out

・ She filled out the intricate application with meticulous accuracy.

/ She filled out the intricate application with meticulous accuracy.

・ She filled out the intricate application with meticulous accuracy.
・ He filled out several forms required for the advanced certification.

/ He filled out several forms required for the advanced certification.

・ He filled out several forms required for the advanced certification.

E40 . filter through .
・ filter through .
・ News of the decision filtered through the organization gradually.
・ The aroma filtered through the entire building.
・ filter through is to spread slowly; or pass through something.
filter through

/ filter through

・ News of the decision filtered through the organization gradually.

/ News of the decision filtered through the organization gradually.

・ News of the decision filtered through the organization gradually.
・ The aroma filtered through the entire building.

/ The aroma filtered through the entire building.

・ The aroma filtered through the entire building.

E41 . find out .
・ find out .
・ She found out the underlying cause after an exhaustive investigation.
・ He found out that the data had been subtly manipulated.
・ find out is to discover information.
find out

/ find out

・ She found out the underlying cause after an exhaustive investigation.

/ She found out the underlying cause after an exhaustive investigation.

・ She found out the underlying cause after an exhaustive investigation.
・ He found out that the data had been subtly manipulated.

/ He found out that the data had been subtly manipulated.

・ He found out that the data had been subtly manipulated.

E42 . fish for .
・ fish for .
・ She was clearly fishing for compliments during the presentation.
・ He kept fishing for additional details without being explicit.
・ fish for is to try subtly to get something (information, praise).
fish for

/ fish for

・ She was clearly fishing for compliments during the presentation.

/ She was clearly fishing for compliments during the presentation.

・ She was clearly fishing for compliments during the presentation.
・ He kept fishing for additional details without being explicit.

/ He kept fishing for additional details without being explicit.

・ He kept fishing for additional details without being explicit.

E43 . fit in with .
・ fit in with .
・ The new policy fits in with the institution’s overarching philosophy.
・ Her proposal fits in with contemporary academic standards.
・ fit in with is to be compatible or consistent with something.
fit in with

/ fit in with

・ The new policy fits in with the institution’s overarching philosophy.

/ The new policy fits in with the institution’s overarching philosophy.

・ The new policy fits in with the institution’s overarching philosophy.
・ Her proposal fits in with contemporary academic standards.

/ Her proposal fits in with contemporary academic standards.

・ Her proposal fits in with contemporary academic standards.

E44 . flare up .
・ flare up .
・ Tensions flared up during the contentious debate.
・ Her allergies flared up after prolonged exposure to dust.
・ flare up is to suddenly intensify.
flare up

/ flare up

・ Tensions flared up during the contentious debate.

/ Tensions flared up during the contentious debate.

・ Tensions flared up during the contentious debate.
・ Her allergies flared up after prolonged exposure to dust.

/ Her allergies flared up after prolonged exposure to dust.

・ Her allergies flared up after prolonged exposure to dust.

E45 . flesh out .
・ flesh out .
・ She fleshed out the preliminary idea with compelling evidence.
・ The report fleshed out several previously ambiguous points.
・ flesh out is to add detail to something.
flesh out

/ flesh out

・ She fleshed out the preliminary idea with compelling evidence.

/ She fleshed out the preliminary idea with compelling evidence.

・ She fleshed out the preliminary idea with compelling evidence.
・ The report fleshed out several previously ambiguous points.

/ The report fleshed out several previously ambiguous points.

・ The report fleshed out several previously ambiguous points.

E46 . fly in the face of .
・ fly in the face of .
・ His argument flies in the face of established scientific consensus.
・ The decision flies in the face of long‑standing ethical norms.
・ fly in the face of is to oppose or contradict strongly.
fly in the face of

/ fly in the face of

・ His argument flies in the face of established scientific consensus.

/ His argument flies in the face of established scientific consensus.

・ His argument flies in the face of established scientific consensus.
・ The decision flies in the face of long‑standing ethical norms.

/ The decision flies in the face of long‑standing ethical norms.

・ The decision flies in the face of long‑standing ethical norms.

E47 . focus on .
・ focus on .
・ The study focuses on the sociolinguistic impact of globalization.
・ She focused on refining the most intricate section of the paper.
・ focus on is to concentrate attention on something.
focus on

/ focus on

・ The study focuses on the sociolinguistic impact of globalization.

/ The study focuses on the sociolinguistic impact of globalization.

・ The study focuses on the sociolinguistic impact of globalization.
・ She focused on refining the most intricate section of the paper.

/ She focused on refining the most intricate section of the paper.

・ She focused on refining the most intricate section of the paper.

E48 . follow through on .
・ follow through on .
・ The committee followed through on its promise to implement reforms.
・ He followed through on every commitment with admirable consistency.
・ follow through on is to complete something as promised.
follow through on

/ follow through on

・ The committee followed through on its promise to implement reforms.

/ The committee followed through on its promise to implement reforms.

・ The committee followed through on its promise to implement reforms.
・ He followed through on every commitment with admirable consistency.

/ He followed through on every commitment with admirable consistency.

・ He followed through on every commitment with admirable consistency.

E49 . fool around .
・ fool around .
・ They were fooling around instead of preparing for the rigorous exam.
・ He fooled around with the settings and caused a minor malfunction.
・ fool around is to behave playfully or waste time.
fool around

/ fool around

・ They were fooling around instead of preparing for the rigorous exam.

/ They were fooling around instead of preparing for the rigorous exam.

・ They were fooling around instead of preparing for the rigorous exam.
・ He fooled around with the settings and caused a minor malfunction.

/ He fooled around with the settings and caused a minor malfunction.

・ He fooled around with the settings and caused a minor malfunction.

E50 . fork over .
・ fork over .
・ They were forced to fork over a substantial fee after the violation.
・ He reluctantly forked over the documents requested by the board.
・ fork over is to give something, often unwillingly.
fork over

/ fork over

・ They were forced to fork over a substantial fee after the violation.

/ They were forced to fork over a substantial fee after the violation.

・ They were forced to fork over a substantial fee after the violation.
・ He reluctantly forked over the documents requested by the board.

/ He reluctantly forked over the documents requested by the board.

・ He reluctantly forked over the documents requested by the board.